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简答题   近年来,中国汽车保有量年平均增长达15%左右。汽车总量剧增,大量排放有害气体,成为危害国人身心健康的“无形杀手”。据统计,在全国总死亡人数中,呼吸系统疾病占22.64%,居死亡人数第一位,这与大气的污染有直接关系。专家分析,城市大气污染70%以上来自汽车尾气排放。北京大气中74%的碳氢化合物、63%的一氧化碳和37%的氮氧化物均来自汽车尾气。   专家还指出,中国汽车尾气污染的根本源头是现代汽车工业技术水平低下,新车质量不高,能源消耗高。中国汽车设计与制造技术水平大多尚停留在国际60年代水平。大多数汽车装配492型发动机,整体性能差,电子喷射技术差,汽油燃烧不充分,机内净化问题没有解决好,没有严格的新车尾气排放标准。汽车尾气污染城市环境问题已引起国家有关部门及民众的高度重视,一些治理措施正在逐步有效地展开。国务院规定,中国将在2000年完全禁止生产、销售和使用含铅汽油。

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